Conceptual understanding in research refers to a deep comprehension and mastery of fundamental principles, theories, and ideas within a specific field of study. This involves being able to connect and apply these concepts in a coherent and meaningful way, as well as being able to identify relationships between different concepts. Conceptual understanding is essential for researchers to develop new theories, generate innovative ideas, and make meaningful contributions to their field. It also allows researchers to critically analyze existing literature, design experiments, and interpret results in a thoughtful and informed manner. Ultimately, conceptual understanding helps researchers to deepen their knowledge and expertise in their area of study.